Nonunion Fracture: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

A nonunion fracture, where a broken bone fails to heal, can be a challenging condition. While most fractures naturally heal, about 5 percent encounter difficulties or never heal at all, leading to a “nonunion” fracture. Identifying the underlying cause is crucial for effective treatment. Common culprits for nonunion fractures include infection, inadequate blood flow to the bone, separation of fractured bone ends, and insufficient fracture stabilization.

Although nonunion fractures can affect any bone, certain bones with poor blood flow are more susceptible. These include the wrist’s scaphoid, the ankle’s talus, the femoral neck just below the hip joint, and the fifth metatarsal that extends from mid-foot to the base of the small toe.

Symptoms and Causes

Nonunion fractures can be painful and debilitating. Symptoms may include persistent pain, limited mobility, and discomfort at the fracture site. Causes of nonunion fractures often involve:

• Infection
• Inadequate blood supply to the bone
• Separation of fractured bone ends
• Insufficient fracture stabilization

Treatment Options

Effective treatment for nonunion fractures varies but may involve surgical intervention to remove infection and stabilize the fracture. Stabilization techniques typically employ internal or external fixation. Bone grafts can expedite the healing process. Nonsurgical alternatives may include bone stimulators—external devices emitting ultrasonic or pulsed electromagnetic waves, worn daily for hours to stimulate healing. Another nonsurgical option is bone marrow injections into the fractured area.

City Orthopaedics & Sports Medicine specializes in diagnosing and treating nonunion fractures and various orthopedic conditions. Contact us today for expert care tailored to your specific needs, ensuring a smooth path to recovery