Elbow Arthritis: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Elbow arthritis can significantly impact your quality of life when the cartilage in the elbow joint becomes worn or damaged. This cartilage acts as a natural cushion between bones and joints, and its deterioration leads to bone-on-bone contact, resulting in pain, swelling, limited range of motion, and reduced strength. Several factors can contribute to elbow arthritis, including prior injuries, traumas to the elbow joint, or the natural aging process, which gradually wears down the joint’s cartilage.

Symptoms of Elbow Arthritis

Elbow arthritis primarily manifests as pain and swelling, which can intensify with time or movement. Additional symptoms may include:

• Stiffness
• Restricted range of motion
• Joint locking
• Tingling sensations in the elbow

As elbow arthritis advances, some individuals may also experience numbness in their ring and pinky fingers. This sensation may occur due to elbow swelling exerting pressure on the ulnar nerve, leading to tingling in the elbow and potential finger numbness.

Diagnosis of Elbow Arthritis

The diagnosis of elbow arthritis begins with a comprehensive evaluation of your symptoms and a physical examination by a healthcare professional. To assess the extent of joint damage, X-rays and other imaging techniques are often employed.

Treatment of Elbow Arthritis

Elbow arthritis typically responds well to a combination of treatment methods. Avoiding strenuous activities that place excessive stress on the elbow can provide relief. Pain management may involve medication, including:

• Anti-inflammatory drugs
• Acetaminophen
• Prescription pain relievers
• Corticosteroid injections

Physical therapy is an effective treatment option for many patients. In severe cases of elbow arthritis, surgical intervention may be necessary. Procedures such as arthroscopy can smooth irregular tissue surfaces or reposition and replace the joint to alleviate discomfort and enhance joint function.

At City Orthopaedics & Sports Medicine, our dedicated team specializes in diagnosing and treating elbow arthritis, tailoring treatment plans to meet individual needs and enhance your overall well-being.